AP Art History: Time Lines

CONTENT AREA 1: GLOBAL PREHISTORY CA1

30,000–500 B.C.E. (11 WORKS)

CONTENT AREA 2: ANCIENT MEDITERRANEAN CA2

3500 B.C.E.–300 C.E. (36 WORKS)

CONTENT AREA 3: EARLY EUROPE AND COLONIAL AMERICAS CA3

200–1750 C.E. (51 WORKS)

CONTENT AREA 4: LATER EUROPE AND AMERICAS CA4

1750–1980 C.E. (54 WORKS)

CONTENT AREA 5: INDIGENOUS AMERICAS CA5

1000 B.C.E.–1980 C.E. (14 WORKS)

CONTENT AREA 6: AFRICA CA6

1100–1980 C.E. (14 WORKS)

CONTENT AREA 7: WEST AND CENTRAL ASIA CA7

500 B.C.E.–1980 C.E. (11 WORKS)

CONTENT AREA 8: SOUTH, EAST, AND SOUTHEAST ASIA CA8

300 B.C.E.–1980 C.E. (21 WORKS)

CONTENT AREA 9: THE PACIFIC CA9

700–1980 C.E. (11 WORKS)

CONTENT AREA 10: GLOBAL CONTEMPORARY CA10

1980 C.E. to Present (27 WORKS)

Apollo 11 stones. Namibia. c. 25,500–25,300 B.C.E. Charcoal on stone. CA1
Great Hall of the Bulls. Lascaux, France. Paleolithic Europe. 15,000–13,000 B.C.E. Rock painting. CA1
Camelid sacrum in the shape of a canine. Tequixquiac, central Mexico. 14,000– 7000 B.C.E. Bone. CA1
Running horned woman. Tassili n’Ajjer, Algeria. 6000–4000 B.C.E. Pigment on rock. CA1
Beaker with ibex motifs. Susa, Iran. 4200–3500 B.C.E. Painted terra cotta. CA1
Anthropomorphic stele. Arabian Peninsula. Fourth millennium B.C.E. Sandstone. CA1
White Temple and its ziggurat. Uruk (modern Warka, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 3500–3000 B.C.E. Mud brick. CA2
Jade cong. Liangzhu, China. 3300–2200 B.C.E. Carved jade. CA1
Palette of King Narmer. Predynastic Egypt. c. 3000–2920 B.C.E. Greywacke. CA2
Statues of votive figures, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna (modern Tell Asmar, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 2700 B.C.E. Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone. CA2
Seated scribe. Saqqara, Egypt. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2620–2500 B.C.E. Painted limestone. CA2
Standard of Ur from the Royal Tombs at Ur (modern Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 2600–2400 B.C.E. Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone. CA2
Great Pyramids (Menkaura, Khafre, Khufu) and Great Sphinx. Giza, Egypt. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2550–2490 B.C.E. Cut limestone. CA2
Stonehenge. Wiltshire, UK. Neolithic Europe. c. 2500–1600 B.C.E. Sandstone. CA1
King Menkaura and queen. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2490–2472 B.C.E. Greywacke. CA2
The Code of Hammurabi. Babylon (modern Iran). Susian. c. 1792–1750 B.C.E. Basalt. CA2
Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall. Karnak, near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom, 18th and 19th Dynasties. Temple: c. 1550 B.C.E.; hall: c. 1250 B.C.E. Cut sandstone and mud brick. CA2
The Ambum Stone. Ambum Valley, Enga Province, Papua New Guinea. c. 1500 B.C.E. Greywacke. CA1
Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut. Near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. c. 1473–1458 B.C.E. Sandstone, partially carved into a rock cliff, and red granite. CA2
Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters. New Kingdom (Amarna), 18th Dynasty. c. 1353–1335 B.C.E. Limestone. CA2
Tutankhamun’s tomb, innermost coffin. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. c. 1323 B.C.E. Gold with inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones. CA2
Last judgment of Hu-Nefer, from his tomb (page from the Book of the Dead). New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty. c. 1275 B.C.E. Painted papyrus scroll. CA2
Tlatilco female figurine. Central Mexico, site of Tlatilco. 1200–900 B.C.E. Ceramic. CA1
Terra cotta fragment. Lapita. Solomon Islands, Reef Islands. 1000 B.C.E. Terra cotta (incised). CA1
Chavín de Huántar. Northern highlands, Peru. Chavín. 900–200 B.C.E. Stone (architectural complex); granite (Lanzón and sculpture); hammered gold alloy (jewelry). CA5
Lamassu from the citadel of Sargon II, Dur Sharrukin (modern Khorsabad, Iraq). Neo-Assyrian. c. 720–705 B.C.E. Alabaster. CA2
Athenian agora. Archaic through Hellenistic Greek. 600 B.C.E.–150 C.E. Plan. CA2
Anavysos Kouros. Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble with remnants of paint. CA2
Peplos Kore from the Acropolis. Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble, painted details. CA2
Sarcophagus of the Spouses. Etruscan. c. 520 B.C.E. Terra cotta. CA2
Audience Hall (apadana) of Darius and Xerxes. Persepolis, Iran. Persian. c. 520–465 B.C.E. Limestone. CA2
Temple of Minerva (Veii, near Rome, Italy) and sculpture of Apollo. Master sculptor Vulca. c. 510–500 B.C.E. Original temple of wood, mud brick, or tufa (volcanic rock); terra cotta sculpture. CA2
Tomb of the Triclinium. Tarquinia, Italy. Etruscan. c. 480–470 B.C.E. Tufa and fresco. CA2
Niobides Krater. Anonymous vase painter of Classical Greece known as the Niobid Painter. c. 460–450 B.C.E. Clay, red-figure technique (white highlights). CA2
Doryphoros (Spear Bearer). Polykleitos. Original 450–440 B.C.E. Roman copy (marble) of Greek original (bronze). CA2
Acropolis. Athens, Greece. Iktinos and Kallikrates. c. 447–410 B.C.E. Marble. CA2
Grave stele of Hegeso. Attributed to Kallimachos. c. 410 B.C.E. Marble and paint. CA2
Petra, Jordan: Treasury and Great Temple. Nabataean Ptolemaic and Roman. c. 400 B.C.E.–100 C.E. Cut rock. CA7
Great Stupa at Sanchi. Madhya Pradesh, India. Buddhist; Maurya, late Sunga Dynasty. c. 300 B.C.E.–100 C.E. Stone masonry, sandstone on dome. CA8
Terra cotta warriors from mausoleum of the first Qin emperor of China. Qin Dynasty. c. 221–209 B.C.E. Painted terra cotta. CA8
Winged Victory of Samothrace. Hellenistic Greek. c. 190 B.C.E. Marble. CA2
Funeral banner of Lady Dai (Xin Zhui). Han Dynasty, China. c. 180 B.C.E. Painted silk. CA8
Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon. Asia Minor (present-day Turkey). Hellenistic Greek. c. 175 B.C.E. Marble (architecture and sculpture). CA2
House of the Vettii. Pompeii, Italy. Imperial Roman. c. second century B.C.E.; rebuilt c. 62–79 C.E. Cut stone and fresco. CA2
Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompeii. Republican Roman. c. 100 B.C.E. Mosaic. CA2
Seated boxer. Hellenistic Greek. c. 100 B.C.E. Bronze. CA2
Head of a Roman patrician. Republican Roman. c. 75–50 B.C.E. Marble. CA2
Augustus of Prima Porta. Imperial Roman. Early first century C.E. Marble. CA2
Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater). Rome, Italy. Imperial Roman. 70–80 C.E. Stone and concrete. CA2
Forum of Trajan. Rome, Italy. Apollodorus of Damascus. Forum and markets: 106–112 C.E.; column completed 113 C.E. Brick and concrete (architecture); marble (column). CA2
Pantheon. Imperial Roman. 118–125 C.E. Concrete with stone facing. CA2
Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus. Late Imperial Roman. c. 250 C.E. Marble. CA2
Catacomb of Priscilla. Rome, Italy. Late Antique Europe. c. 200–400 C.E. Excavated tufa and fresco. CA3
Buddha. Bamiyan, Afghanistan. Gandharan. c. 400–800 C.E. (destroyed in 2001). Cut rock with plaster and polychrome paint. CA7
Santa Sabina. Rome, Italy. Late Antique Europe. c. 422–432 C.E. Brick and stone, wooden roof. CA3
Mesa Verde cliff dwellings. Montezuma County, Colorado. Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi). 450–1300 C.E. Sandstone. CA5
Longmen caves. Luoyang, China. Tang Dynasty. 493–1127 C.E. Limestone. CA8
Gold and jade crown. Three Kingdoms Period, Silla Kingdom, Korea. Fifth to sixth century C.E. Metalwork. CA8
Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well and Jacob Wrestling the Angel, from the Vienna Genesis. Early Byzantine Europe. Early sixth century C.E. Illuminated manuscript (tempera, gold, and silver on purple vellum). CA3
San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy. Early Byzantine Europe. c. 526–547 C.E. Brick, marble, and stone veneer; mosaic. CA3
Hagia Sophia. Constantinople (Istanbul). Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus. 532–537 C.E. Brick and ceramic elements with stone and mosaic veneer. CA3
Merovingian looped fibulae. Early medieval Europe. Mid-sixth century C.E. Silver gilt worked in filigree, with inlays of garnets and other stones. CA3
Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore and George. Early Byzantine Europe. Sixth or early seventh century C.E. Encaustic on wood. CA3
The Kaaba. Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Islamic. Pre-Islamic monument; rededicated by Muhammad in 631–632 C.E.; multiple renovations. Granite masonry, covered with silk curtain and calligraphy in gold and silver-wrapped thread. CA7
Jowo Rinpoche, enshrined in the Jokhang Temple. Lhasa, Tibet. Yarlung Dynasty. Believed to have been brought to Tibet in 641 C.E. Gilt metals with semiprecious stones, pearls, and paint; various offerings. CA7
Dome of the Rock. Jerusalem. Islamic, Umayyad. 691–692 C.E., with multiple renovations. Stone masonry and wooden roof decorated with glazed ceramic tile, mosaics, and gilt aluminum and bronze dome. CA7
Nan Madol. Pohnpei, Micronesia. Saudeleur Dynasty. c. 700–1600 C.E. Basalt boulders and prismatic columns. CA9
Great Mosque (Masjid-e Jameh). Isfahan, Iran. Islamic, Persian: Seljuk, Il-Khanid, Timurid and Safavid Dynasties. c. 700 C.E.; additions and restorations in the 14th, 18th, and 20th centuries C.E. Stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile. CA7
Lindisfarne Gospels: St. Matthew, cross-carpet page; St. Luke portrait page; St. Luke incipit page. Early medieval (Hiberno Saxon) Europe. c. 700 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (ink, pigments, and gold on vellum). CA3
Yaxchilán. Chiapas, Mexico. Maya. 725 C.E. Limestone (architectural complex). CA5
Todai-ji. Nara, Japan. Various artists, including sculptors Unkei and Keikei, as well as the Kei School. 743 C.E.; rebuilt c. 1700. Bronze and wood (sculpture); wood with ceramic-tile roofing (architecture). CA8
Borobudur Temple. Central Java, Indonesia. Sailendra Dynasty. c. 750–842 C.E. Volcanic-stone masonry. CA8
Great Mosque. Córdoba, Spain. Umayyad. c. 785–786 C.E. Stone masonry.
Angkor, the temple of Angkor Wat, and the city of Angkor Thom, Cambodia. Hindu, Angkor Dynasty. c. 800–1400 C.E. Stone masonry, sandstone. CA8
Folio from a Qur’an. Arab, North Africa, or Near East. Abbasid. c. eighth to ninth century C.E. Ink, color, and gold on parchment. CA7
Lakshmana Temple. Khajuraho, India. Hindu, Chandella Dynasty. c. 930–950 C.E Sandstone. CA8
Pyxis of al-Mughira. Umayyad. c. 968 C.E. Ivory. CA3
Travelers among Mountains and Streams. Fan Kuan. c. 1000 C.E. Ink and colors on silk. CA8
Shiva as Lord of Dance (Nataraja). Hindu; India (Tamil Nadu), Chola Dynasty. c. 11th century C.E. Cast bronze. CA8
Conical tower and circular wall of Great Zimbabwe. Southeastern Zimbabwe. Shona peoples. c. 1000–1400 C.E. Coursed granite blocks. CA6
Church of Sainte-Foy. Conques, France. Romanesque Europe. Church: c. 1050– 1130 C.E.; Reliquary of Saint Foy: ninth century C.E., with later additions. Stone (architecture); stone and paint (tympanum); gold, silver, gemstones, and enamel over wood (reliquary). CA3
Bayeux Tapestry. Romanesque Europe (English or Norman). c. 1066–1080 C.E. Embroidery on linen. CA3
Great Serpent Mound. Adams County, southern Ohio. Mississippian (Eastern Woodlands). c. 1070 C.E. Earthwork/effigy mound. CA5
Moai on platform (ahu). Rapa Nui (Easter Island). c. 1100–1600 C.E. Volcanic tuff figures on basalt base. CA9
Chartres Cathedral. Chartres, France. Gothic Europe. Original construction c. 1145–1155 C.E.; reconstructed c. 1194–1220 C.E. Limestone, stained glass. CA3
Great Mosque of Djenné. Mali. Founded c. 1200 C.E.; rebuilt 1906–1907. Adobe. CA6
Dedication Page with Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX of France, Scenes from the Apocalypse from Bibles moralisées. Gothic Europe. c. 1225–1245 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum). CA3
Night Attack on the Sanjô Palace. Kamakura Period, Japan. c. 1250–1300 C.E. Handscroll (ink and color on paper). CA8
Röttgen Pietà. Late medieval Europe. c. 1300–1325 C.E. Painted wood. CA3
Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel, including Lamentation. Padua, Italy. Unknown architect; Giotto di Bondone (artist). Chapel: c. 1303 C.E.; Fresco: c. 1305. Brick (architecture) and fresco. CA3
Golden Haggadah (The Plagues of Egypt, Scenes of Liberation, and Preparation for Passover). Late medieval Spain. c. 1320 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (pigments and gold leaf on vellum). CA3
Basin (Baptistère de St. Louis). Muhammad ibn al-Zain. c. 1320–1340 C.E. Brass inlaid with gold and silver. CA7
Bahram Gur Fights the Karg, folio from the Great Il-Khanid Shahnama. Islamic; Persian, Il’Khanid. c. 1330–1340 C.E. Ink and opaque watercolor, gold, and silver on paper. CA7
The David Vases. Yuan Dynasty, China. 1351 C.E. White porcelain with cobalt-blue underglaze. CA8
Alhambra. Granada, Spain. Nasrid Dynasty. 1354–1391 C.E. Whitewashed adobe stucco, wood, tile, paint, and gilding. CA3
Templo Mayor (Main Temple). Tenochtitlan (modern Mexico City, Mexico). Mexica (Aztec). 1375–1520 C.E. Stone (temple); volcanic stone (The Coyolxauhqui Stone); jadeite (Olmec-style mask); basalt (Calendar Stone). CA5
Portrait of Sin Sukju (1417–1475). Imperial Bureau of Painting. c. 15th century C.E. Hanging scroll (ink and color on silk). CA8
Forbidden City. Beijing, China. Ming Dynasty. 15th century C.E. and later. Stone masonry, marble, brick, wood, and ceramic tile. CA8
Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece). Workshop of Robert Campin. 1427– 1432 C.E. Oil on wood. CA3
Ruler’s feather headdress (probably of Motecuhzoma II). Mexica (Aztec). 1428–1520 C.E. Feathers (quetzal and cotinga) and gold. CA5
Pazzi Chapel. Basilica di Santa Croce. Florence, Italy. Filippo Brunelleschi (architect). c. 1429–1461 C.E. Masonry. CA3
The Arnolfini Portrait. Jan van Eyck. c. 1434 C.E. Oil on wood. CA3
City of Cusco, including Qorikancha (Inka main temple), Santo Domingo (Spanish colonial convent), and Walls at Saqsa Waman (Sacsayhuaman). Central highlands, Peru. Inka. c. 1440 C.E; convent added 1550–1650 C.E. Andesite. CA5
Maize cobs. Inka. c. 1440–1533 C.E. Sheet metal/repoussé, metal alloys. CA5
David. Donatello. c. 1440–1460 C.E. Bronze. CA3
City of Machu Picchu. Central highlands, Peru. Inka. c. 1450–1540 C.E. Granite (architectural complex).
All-T’oqapu tunic. Inka. 1450–1540 C.E. Camelid fiber and cotton. CA5
Palazzo Rucellai. Florence, Italy. Leon Battista Alberti (architect). c. 1450 C.E. Stone, masonry. CA3
Madonna and Child with Two Angels. Fra Filippo Lippi. c. 1465 C.E. Tempera on wood. CA3
Ryoan-ji. Kyoto, Japan. Muromachi Period, Japan. c. 1480 C.E.; current design most likely dates to the 18th century. Rock garden. CA8
Birth of Venus. Sandro Botticelli. c. 1484–1486 C.E. Tempera on canvas. CA3
Last Supper. Leonardo da Vinci. c. 1494–1498 C.E. Oil and tempera. CA3
Wall plaque, from Oba’s palace. Edo peoples, Benin (Nigeria). 16th century C.E. Cast brass. CA6
Adam and Eve. Albrecht Dürer. 1504 C.E. Engraving. CA3
Sistine Chapel ceiling and altar wall frescoes. Vatican City, Italy. Michelangelo. Ceiling frescoes: c. 1508–1512 C.E.; altar frescoes: c. 1536–1541 C.E. Fresco. CA3
School of Athens. Raphael. 1509–1511 C.E. Fresco. CA3
Isenheim altarpiece. Matthias Grünewald. c. 1512–1516 C.E. Oil on wood. CA3
The Court of Gayumars, folio from Shah Tahmasp’s Shahnama. Sultan Muhammad. c. 1522–1525 C.E. Ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper. CA7
Entombment of Christ. Jacopo da Pontormo. 1525–1528 C.E. Oil on wood. CA3
Allegory of Law and Grace. Lucas Cranach the Elder. c. 1530 C.E. Woodcut and letterpress. CA3
Venus of Urbino. Titian. c. 1538 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA3
The Ardabil Carpet. Maqsud of Kashan. 1539–1540 C.E. Silk and wool. CA7
Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza. Viceroyalty of New Spain. c. 1541–1542 C.E. Ink and color on paper. CA3
Il Gesù, including Triumph of the Name of Jesus ceiling fresco. Rome, Italy. Giacomo da Vignola, plan (architect); Giacomo della Porta, facade (architect); Giovanni Battista Gaulli, ceiling fresco (artist). Church: 16th century C.E.; facade: 1568–1584 C.E.; fresco and stucco figures: 1676–1679 C.E. Brick, marble, fresco, and stucco. CA3
Hunters in the Snow. Pieter Bruegel the Elder. 1565 C.E. Oil on wood. CA3
Mosque of Selim II. Edirne, Turkey. Sinan (architect). 1568–1575 C.E. Brick and stone. CA3
Calling of Saint Matthew. Caravaggio. c. 1597–1601 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA3
Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh to Kings. Bichitr. c. 1620 C.E. Watercolor, gold, and ink on paper. CA8
Henri IV Receives the Portrait of Marie de’ Medici, from the Marie de’ Medici Cycle. Peter Paul Rubens. 1621–1625 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA3
Taj Mahal. Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. Masons, marble workers, mosaicists, and decorators working under the supervision of Ustad Ahmad Lahori, architect of the emperor. 1632–1653 C.E. Stone masonry and marble with inlay of precious and semiprecious stones; gardens. CA8
Self-Portrait with Saskia. Rembrandt van Rijn. 1636 C.E. Etching. CA3
San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane. Rome, Italy. Francesco Borromini (architect). 1638–1646 C.E. Stone and stucco. CA3
Ecstasy of Saint Teresa. Cornaro Chapel, Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria. Rome, Italy. Gian Lorenzo Bernini. c. 1647–1652 C.E. Marble (sculpture); stucco and gilt bronze (chapel). CA3
Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei. Master of Calamarca (La Paz School). c. 17th century C.E. Oil on canvas. CA3
Las Meninas. Diego Velázquez. c. 1656 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA3
Woman Holding a Balance. Johannes Vermeer. c. 1664 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA3
The Palace at Versailles. Versailles, France. Louis Le Vau and Jules Hardouin- Mansart (architects). Begun 1669 C.E. Masonry, stone, wood, iron, and gold leaf (architecture); marble and bronze (sculpture); gardens. CA3
Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene. Circle of the González Family. c. 1697–1701 C.E. Tempera and resin on wood, shell inlay. CA3
The Virgin of Guadalupe (Virgen de Guadalupe). Miguel González. c. 1698 C.E. Based on original Virgin of Guadalupe. Basilica of Guadalupe, Mexico City. 16th century C.E. Oil on canvas on wood, inlaid with mother-of-pearl. CA3
Sika dwa kofi (Golden Stool). Ashanti peoples (south central Ghana). c. 1700 C.E. Gold over wood and cast-gold attachments. CA6
White and Red Plum Blossoms. Ogata Korin. c. 1710–1716 C.E. Ink, watercolor, and gold leaf on paper. CA8
Fruit and Insects. Rachel Ruysch. 1711 C.E. Oil on wood. CA3
Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo. Attributed to Juan Rodríguez Juárez. c. 1715 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA3
The Tête à Tête, from Marriage à la Mode. William Hogarth. c. 1743 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA3
Portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. Miguel Cabrera. c. 1750 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul. Kuba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). c. 1760–1780 C.E. Wood. CA6
A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery. Joseph Wright of Derby. c. 1763–1765 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
The Swing. Jean-Honoré Fragonard. 1767 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Monticello. Virginia, U.S. Thomas Jefferson (architect). 1768–1809 C.E. Brick, glass, stone, and wood. CA4
The Oath of the Horatii. Jacques-Louis David. 1784 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
George Washington. Jean-Antoine Houdon. 1788–1792 C.E. Marble. CA4
Self-Portrait. Elisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun. 1790 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
‘Ahu ‘ula (feather cape). Hawaiian. Late 18th century C.E. Feathers and fiber. CA9
Staff god. Rarotonga, Cook Islands, central Polynesia. Late 18th to early 19th century C.E. Wood, tapa, fiber, and feathers. CA9
Female deity. Nukuoro, Micronesia. c. 18th to 19th century C.E. Wood. CA9
Y no hai remedio (And There’s Nothing to Be Done), from Los Desastres de la Guerra (The Disasters of War), plate 15. Francisco de Goya. 1810–1823 C.E. (published 1863). Etching, drypoint, burin, and burnishing. CA4
La Grande Odalisque. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. 1814 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Liberty Leading the People. Eugène Delacroix. 1830 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Under the Wave off Kanagawa (Kanagawa oki nami ura), also known as the Great Wave, from the series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji. Katsushika Hokusai. 1830– 1833 C.E. Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper. CA8
The Oxbow (View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm). Thomas Cole. 1836 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Still Life in Studio. Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre. 1837 C.E. Daguerreotype. CA4
Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On). Joseph Mallord William Turner. 1840 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament). London, England. Charles Barry and Augustus W. N. Pugin (architects). 1840–1870 C.E. Limestone masonry and glass. CA4
The Stone Breakers. Gustave Courbet. 1849 C.E. (destroyed in 1945). Oil on canvas. CA4
Bandolier bag. Lenape (Delaware tribe, Eastern Woodlands). c. 1850 C.E. Beadwork on leather. CA5
Hiapo (tapa). Niue. c. 1850–1900 C.E. Tapa or bark cloth, freehand painting. CA9
Nadar Raising Photography to the Height of Art. Honoré Daumier. 1862 C.E. Lithograph. CA4
Olympia. Édouard Manet. 1863 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
The Saint-Lazare Station. Claude Monet. 1877 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
The Horse in Motion. Eadweard Muybridge. 1878 C.E. Albumen print. CA4
The Valley of Mexico from the Hillside of Santa Isabel (El Valle de México desde el Cerro de Santa Isabel). Jose María Velasco. 1882 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
The Burghers of Calais. Auguste Rodin. 1884–1895 C.E. Bronze. CA4
The Starry Night. Vincent van Gogh. 1889 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Tamati Waka Nene. Gottfried Lindauer. 1890 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA9
The Coiffure. Mary Cassatt. 1890–1891 C.E. Drypoint and aquatint. CA4
The Scream. Edvard Munch. 1893 C.E. Tempera and pastels on cardboard. CA4
Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Paul Gauguin. 1897–1898 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Buk (mask). Torres Strait. Mid- to late 19th century C.E. Turtle shell, wood, fiber, feathers, and shell. CA9
Transformation mask. Kwakwaka’wakw, Northwest coast of Canada. Late 19th century C.E. Wood, paint, and string. CA5
Power figure (Nkisi n’kondi). Kongo peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). c. late 19th century C.E. Wood and metal. CA6
Painted elk hide. Attributed to Cotsiogo (Cadzi Cody), Eastern Shoshone, Wind River Reservation, Wyoming. c. 1890–1900 C.E. Painted elk hide. CA5
Female (Pwo) mask. Chokwe peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). Late 19th to early 20th century C.E. Wood, fiber, pigment, and metal. CA6
Portrait mask (Mblo). Baule peoples (Côte d’Ivoire). Early 20th century C.E. Wood and pigment. CA6
Bundu mask. Sande Society, Mende peoples (West African forests of Sierra Leone and Liberia). 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood, cloth, and fiber. CA6
Ikenga (shrine figure). Igbo peoples (Nigeria). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood. CA6
Lukasa (memory board). Mbudye Society, Luba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood, beads, and metal. CA6
Aka elephant mask. Bamileke (Cameroon, western grassfields region). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood, woven raffia, cloth, and beads. CA6
Reliquary figure (byeri). Fang peoples (southern Cameroon). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood. CA6
Navigation chart. Marshall Islands, Micronesia. 19th to early 20th century C.E. Wood and fiber. CA9
Malagan display and mask. New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea. c. 20th century C.E. Wood, pigment, fiber, and shell. CA9
Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building. Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Louis Sullivan (architect). 1899–1903 C.E. Iron, steel, glass, and terra cotta. CA4
Mont Sainte-Victoire. Paul Cézanne. 1902–1904 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon. Pablo Picasso. 1907 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
The Steerage. Alfred Stieglitz. 1907 C.E. Photogravure. CA4
The Kiss. Gustav Klimt. 1907–1908 C.E. Oil and gold leaf on canvas. CA4
The Kiss. Constantin Brancusi. Original 1907–1908 C.E. Stone. CA4
Veranda post of enthroned king and senior wife (Opo Ogoga). Olowe of Ise (Yoruba peoples). c. 1910–1914 C.E. Wood and pigment. CA6
The Portuguese. Georges Braque. 1911 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Goldfish. Henri Matisse. 1912 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Improvisation 28 (second version). Vassily Kandinsky. 1912 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Self-Portrait as a Soldier. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. 1915 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Memorial Sheet for Karl Liebknecht. Käthe Kollwitz. 1919–1920 C.E. Woodcut. CA4
Villa Savoye. Poissy-sur-Seine, France. Le Corbusier (architect). 1929 C.E. Steel and reinforced concrete. CA4
Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow. Piet Mondrian. 1930 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Illustration from The Results of the First Five-Year Plan. Varvara Stepanova. 1932 C.E. Photomontage. CA4
Object (Le Déjeuner en fourrure). Meret Oppenheim. 1936 C.E. Fur-covered cup, saucer, and spoon. CA4
Fallingwater. Pennsylvania, U.S. Frank Lloyd Wright (architect). 1936–1939 C.E. Reinforced concrete, sandstone, steel, and glass. CA4
The Two Fridas. Frida Kahlo. 1939 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
The Migration of the Negro, Panel no. 49. Jacob Lawrence. 1940–1941 C.E. Casein tempera on hardboard. CA4
The Jungle. Wifredo Lam. 1943 C.E. Gouache on paper mounted on canvas. CA4
Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in the Alameda Park. Diego Rivera. 1947–1948 C.E. Fresco. CA4
Black-on-black ceramic vessel. Maria Martínez and Julian Martínez, Tewa, Puebloan, San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico. c. mid-20th century C.E. Blackware ceramic. CA5
Fountain (second version). Marcel Duchamp. 1950 C.E. (original 1917). Readymade glazed sanitary china with black paint. CA4
Woman, I. Willem de Kooning. 1950–1952 C.E. Oil on canvas. CA4
Presentation of Fijian mats and tapa cloths to Queen Elizabeth II. Fiji, Polynesia. 1953 C.E. Multimedia performance (costume; cosmetics, including scent; chant; movement; and pandanus fiber/hibiscus fiber mats), photographic documentation. CA9
Seagram Building. New York City, U.S. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson (architects). 1954–1958 C.E. Steel frame with glass curtain wall and bronze. CA4
Marilyn Diptych. Andy Warhol. 1962 C.E. Oil, acrylic, and silkscreen enamel on canvas. CA4
Narcissus Garden. Yayoi Kusama. Original installation and performance 1966. Mirror balls. CA4
The Bay. Helen Frankenthaler. 1963 C.E. Acrylic on canvas. CA4
Chairman Mao en Route to Anyuan. Artist unknown; based on an oil painting by Liu Chunhua. c. 1969 C.E. Color lithograph. CA8
Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks. Claes Oldenburg. 1969–1974 C.E. Cor-Ten steel, steel, aluminum, and cast resin; painted with polyurethane enamel. CA4
Spiral Jetty. Great Salt Lake, Utah, U.S. Robert Smithson. 1970 C.E. Earthwork: mud, precipitated salt crystals, rocks, and water coil. CA4
House in New Castle County. Delaware, U.S. Robert Venturi, John Rauch, and Denise Scott Brown (architects). 1978–1983 C.E. Wood frame and stucco. CA4
The Gates. New York City, U.S. Christo and Jeanne-Claude. 1979–2005 C.E. Mixed- media installation. CA10
Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Washington, D.C., U.S. Maya Lin. 1982 C.E. Granite. CA10
Horn Players. Jean-Michel Basquiat. 1983 C.E. Acrylic and oil paintstick on three canvas panels. CA10
Summer Trees. Song Su-nam. 1983 C.E. Ink on paper. CA10
Androgyn III. Magdalena Abakanowicz. 1985 C.E. Burlap, resin, wood, nails, string. CA10
A Book from the Sky. Xu Bing. 1987–1991 C.E. Mixed-media installation. CA10
Pink Panther. Jeff Koons. 1988 C.E. Glazed porcelain. CA10
Untitled (#228), from the History Portraits series. Cindy Sherman. 1990 C.E. Photograph. CA10
Dancing at the Louvre, from the series The French Collection, Part I; #1. Faith Ringgold. 1991 C.E. Acrylic on canvas, tie-dyed, pieced fabric border. CA10
Trade (Gifts for Trading Land with White People). Jaune Quick-to-See Smith. 1992 C.E. Oil and mixed media on canvas. CA10
Earth’s Creation. Emily Kame Kngwarreye. 1994 C.E. Synthetic polymer paint on canvas. CA10
Rebellious Silence, from the Women of Allah series. Shirin Neshat (artist); photo by Cynthia Preston. 1994 C.E. Ink on photograph. CA10
En la Barberia no se Llora (No Crying Allowed in the Barbershop). Pepon Osorio. 1994 C.E. Mixed-media installation. CA10
Pisupo Lua Afe (Corned Beef 2000). Michel Tuffery. 1994 C.E. Mixed media. CA10
Electronic Superhighway. Nam June Paik. 1995 C.E. Mixed-media installation (49-channel closed-circuit video installation, neon, steel, and electronic components). CA10
The Crossing. Bill Viola. 1996 C.E. Video/sound installation. CA10
Guggenheim Museum Bilbao. Spain. Frank Gehry (architect). 1997 C.E. Titanium, glass, and limestone. CA10
Pure Land. Mariko Mori. 1998 C.E. Color photograph on glass. CA10
Lying with the Wolf. Kiki Smith. 2001 C.E. Ink and pencil on paper. CA10
Darkytown Rebellion. Kara Walker. 2001 C.E. Cut paper and projection on wall. CA10
The Swing (after Fragonard). Yinka Shonibare. 2001 C.E. Mixed-media installation. CA10
Old Man’s Cloth. El Anatsui. 2003 C.E. Aluminum and copper wire. CA10
Stadia II. Julie Mehretu. 2004 C.E. Ink and acrylic on canvas. CA10
Preying Mantra. Wangechi Mutu. 2006 C.E. Mixed media on Mylar. CA10
Shibboleth. Doris Salcedo. 2007–2008 C.E. Installation. CA10
MAXXI National Museum of XXI Century Arts. Rome, Italy. Zaha Hadid (architect). 2009 C.E. Glass, steel, and cement. CA10
Kui Hua Zi (Sunflower Seeds). Ai Weiwei. 2010–2011 C.E. Sculpted and painted porcelain. CA10

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